Penyelesaian Tindak Pidana Penganiayaan Anak Melalui Restorative Justice
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.35896/zm81ve82Keywords:
child abuse; child protection; juvenile criminal justice system; legal protection; restorative justice.Abstract
Child abuse constitutes a criminal offense that affects not only the physical well-being of children but also their psychological, social, and emotional development. The conventional criminal justice system, which primarily emphasizes punishment, often fails to provide comprehensive recovery for child victims. Consequently, the restorative justice approach has emerged as an alternative mechanism for resolving criminal cases by emphasizing victim recovery, offender accountability, and the restoration of social harmony. This study aims to analyze the mechanism for resolving criminal acts of child abuse through the restorative justice approach and to examine its effectiveness in providing legal protection for child victims. This research employed a normative legal research method using statutory, conceptual, and case approaches. The data consisted of primary, secondary, and tertiary legal materials collected through library research and analyzed qualitatively using a descriptive-analytical method. The findings indicate that the implementation of restorative justice in Indonesia has a solid legal foundation through Law Number 11 of 2012 concerning the Juvenile Criminal Justice System, Law Number 35 of 2014 concerning Child Protection, Prosecutor Regulation Number 15 of 2020 concerning the Termination of Prosecution Based on Restorative Justice, and National Police Regulation Number 8 of 2021 concerning the Handling of Criminal Cases Based on Restorative Justice. The implementation of this approach has contributed to more victim-oriented case resolution, expedited legal processes, and the restoration of relationships among the parties involved. Nevertheless, its effectiveness is still constrained by inconsistent understanding among law enforcement officers, limited institutional capacity, and insufficient inter-agency coordination. Therefore, strengthening legal regulations, enhancing the capacity of law enforcement officials, and improving institutional coordination are essential to ensure the optimal implementation of the principle of the best interests of the child within Indonesia's criminal justice system.
References
Arief, B. N. (2018). Bunga rampai kebijakan hukum pidana: Perkembangan penyusunan konsep KUHP baru. Kencana.
Hadjon, P. M. (1987). Perlindungan hukum bagi rakyat Indonesia. Bina Ilmu.
Ibrahim, J. (2020). Teori dan metodologi penelitian hukum normatif (Edisi Revisi). Bayumedia Publishing.
Kementerian Pemberdayaan Perempuan dan Perlindungan Anak Republik Indonesia. (2024). Profil anak Indonesia 2024. Kementerian PPPA.
Lilik, M. (2017). Asas-teori-praktik hukum pidana. Sinar Grafika.
Marpaung, L. (2017). Asas teori praktik hukum pidana. Sinar Grafika.
Marzuki, P. M. (2021). Penelitian hukum (Edisi Revisi). Kencana.
Moeljatno. (2008). Asas-asas hukum pidana (Edisi Revisi). Rineka Cipta.
Republik Indonesia. (1945). Undang-Undang Dasar Negara Republik Indonesia Tahun 1945.
Republik Indonesia. (2012). Undang-Undang Nomor 11 Tahun 2012 tentang Sistem Peradilan Pidana Anak. Lembaran Negara Republik Indonesia Tahun 2012 Nomor 153.
Republik Indonesia. (2014). Undang-Undang Nomor 35 Tahun 2014 tentang Perubahan atas Undang-Undang Nomor 23 Tahun 2002 tentang Perlindungan Anak. Lembaran Negara Republik Indonesia Tahun 2014 Nomor 297.
Republik Indonesia. (2020). Peraturan Kejaksaan Republik Indonesia Nomor 15 Tahun 2020 tentang Penghentian Penuntutan Berdasarkan Keadilan Restoratif.
Republik Indonesia. (2021). Peraturan Kepolisian Negara Republik Indonesia Nomor 8 Tahun 2021 tentang Penanganan Tindak Pidana Berdasarkan Keadilan Restoratif.
Soekanto, S., & Mamudji, S. (2019). Penelitian hukum normatif: Suatu tinjauan singkat. Rajawali Pers.
Waluyo, B. (2022). Penegakan hukum di Indonesia. Sinar Grafika.
Zehr, H. (2002). The little book of restorative justice. Good Books.
Afriana, A., & Prasetyo, T. (2022). Restorative justice in child protection within the Indonesian criminal justice system. Jurnal Hukum dan Peradilan, 11(2), 211–228.
Nugroho, H., & Wibowo, A. (2023). Implementation of restorative justice in criminal cases involving children in Indonesia. Jurnal IUS Kajian Hukum dan Keadilan, 11(1), 54–69.
Sari, D. P., & Rahmawati, N. (2021). Legal protection for child victims of violence through restorative justice approach. Jurnal RechtsVinding, 10(3), 365–381.
United Nations. (1989). Convention on the Rights of the Child. United Nations.
