LEGAL CAPACITY AND AGE STANDARDS FOR NASAB GUARDIANS IN INDONESIAN MARRIAGE LAW
KECAKAPAN HUKUM DAN STANDAR USIA BAGI WALI NASAB DALAM HUKUM PERKAWINAN DI INDONESIA
Keywords:
Lineage Guardians, Age Restriction, Legal Capacity
Abstract
Abstract: Marriage guardianship is a key pillar in the marriage contract that must be fulfilled. According to the Minister of Religious Affairs Regulation No. 20 of 2019, guardianship is classified into nasab (lineal descent) guardians and judicial guardians. The requirement of puberty (baligh) for nasab guardians is considered problematic, as it does not align with Indonesia’s legal definition of adulthood, which sets adulthood at 18 or 21 years depending on the context. This research uses qualitative methods with a normative-juridical approach, based on primary legal documents and secondary references from books and scholarly articles. The study concludes that the puberty requirement, as stipulated in Article 12 Paragraph (2) of PMA No. 20/2019, contradicts the principle of lex superior derogat legi inferiori, the provisions of legal capacity under private law, and the requirement for legal competence.
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Prakoso, Abiontoro. Penemuan Hukum (Sistem, Metode, Aliran Dan Prosedur Dalam Menemukan Hukum). Yogyakarta: LaksBang PRESSindo, 2016.
Pratama, Juwita Putri, Tyesta A.L.W. Lita, and Sekar Anggun Gading Pinilih. “The Existence of the Position of Ministerial Regulations Against Regional Regulations in the Hierarchy of Legislative Regulations.” Jurnal Konstitusi 19, no. 4 (2022): 865–85. https://doi.org/10.31078/jk1947.
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Syaiful, Abas Mansur Tamam, and Akhmad Alim. “Konsep Usia Baligh Dan Perkembangan Religiusitas Perspektif Ibnu Qayyim Al-Jauziyyah.” Tawazun: Jurnal Pendidikan Islam 17, no. 2 (2024): 433–54. https://doi.org/10.32832/tawazun.v17i2.
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Usman, Rachmadi, Fakultas Hukum, and Universitas Lambung. “Makna Pencatatan Perkawinan Dalam Peraturan Perundang-Undangan.” Legislasi Indonesia Vol 14, No (2017): 255–74.
Wardah, Ani. “Pemahaman Diri Siswa Smp Tentang Masa Pubertas (Baligh) Sebagai Fondasi Layanan Bimbingan Dan Konseling.” Jurnal Bimbingan Dan Konseling Ar-Rahman 4, no. 2 (2018): 88. https://doi.org/10.31602/jbkr.v4i2.1661.
Witanto, Darmoko Yuti. “Hukum keluarga: hak dan kedudukan anak luar kawin: pasca keluarnya putusan MK tentang uji materiil UU perkawinan.” (No Title) (2012). “No Title,” n.d.
Depri Liber Sonata. “METODE PENELITIAN HUKUM NORMATIF DAN EMPIRIS: KARAKTERISTIK KHAS DARI METODE MENELITI HUKUM.” Fiat Justisia Jurnal Ilmu Hukum 8, no. 1 (2014): 15–35.
Desi Agustainah. “PRAKTIK PEMERIKSAAN WALI NIKAH DI KUA KABUPATEN BANJAR.” Universitas Islam Negeri Raden Fatah, 2023. https://idr.uin-antasari.ac.id/24424/2/AWAL.pdf.
Fatmawati, Deva. “Pertanggungjawaban Pidana Anak Sebagai Pelaku Pembunuhan Dalam Perspektif Hukum Pidana Islam.” Al-Jina’i Al-Islami 3, no. 1 (2023): 43–52. https://ejournal.uinsgd.ac.id/index.php/jaa/article/download/408/76?__cf_chl_tk=ppExaQXY4rgTBt8w.6ep9aqyjlJTWIc8DCdDopk1Fb4-1762053497-1.0.1.1-PlzE9pXxxOc7eQBNXR3wNUMz5Vj9fL3xByl.pA.ajNM
FAUZI, MUHAMMAD LATIF. “Benang Kusut Reformasi Hukum Keluarga Reformasi Hukum Keluarga Melalui Legislasi Menempuh Jalan Terjal.” Kompas, September 8, 2024. https://www.kompas.id/artikel/benang-kusut-reformasi-hukum keluarga?utm_source=chatgpt.com.
Gita Arum Buana, Abdul Jalil, “Analisis Perkara Penolakan Izin Poligami Di Pengadilan Agama Mungkid (Terhadap Putusan Hakim Nomor: 1469/Pdt.G/2023/PA.Mkd)” Iqtisodina: Jurnal Hukum Ekonomi Syariah dan Hukum Islam, Vol. 8 No. 1 (2025): Juni, ttps://doi.org/10.35127/iqtisodina.v8i1
Heribertus Rinto Wibowo, Muliani Ratnaningsih, Nicholas J Goodwin, Derry Fahrizal Ulum, and Emilie Minnick. “One Household, Two Worlds: Differences of Perception towards Child Marriage among Adolescent Children and Adults in Indonesia.” The Lancet Regional Health. Western Pacific. 8, no. 100103 (2021). https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lanwpc.2021.100103.
Hidayat, Syaiful. “Wali Nikah Dalam Perspektif Empat Madzhab.” INOVATIF: Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan, Agama, Dan Kebudayaan 3, no. 2 (2017): 98–124. http://jurnal.iaih.ac.id/index.php/inovatif/article/view/52.
Isroqunnajah, Agus Iqbal Hawabi, and Umdatul Khoirot. “Legal Capacity and Legal Authority of Adult Age in Indonesia: Medical, Psychological and Islamic Law Perspectives.” Samarah 8, no. 1 (2024): 105–25. https://doi.org/10.22373/sjhk.v8i1.19834.
Jailani, Abdul Kadir. “Detail Hukum Puasa Bagi Anak Kecil.” NU Online, March 2024. https://nu.or.id/ramadhan/detail-hukum-puasa-bagi-anak-kecil-CWTtJ.
Jumarni. “BATAS USIA MINIMAL WALI NASAB DALAM PERKAWINAN PERSPEKTIF ISLAM DAN PERUNDANG-UNDANGAN.” Al-Syakhshiyyah: Jurnal Hukum Keluarga Islam Dan Kemanusiaan 4, no. 2 (2022): 174–87. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.30863/as-hki.v4i2.3298.
Kementerian Agama RI. Al-Quran Dan Terjemahannya. Jakarta: Lajnah Pentashihan Mushaf Al-Quran, 2015.
Khusurur, Misbah. “BALIGH (Kajian Hukum Fiqh Dan Hukum Positif Di Indonesia).” Jurnal Al Wasith: Jurnal Studi Hukum Islam 6, no. 1 (2021): 69–80.
Magnus, Maria C., Allen J. Wilcox, Nils Halvdan Morken, Clarice R. Weinberg, and Siri E. Håberg. “Role of Maternal Age and Pregnancy History in Risk of Miscarriage: Prospective Register Based Study.” BMJ (Online) 364 (2019): 1–8. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.l869.
Marwa, Muhammad Habibi Miftakhul. “Pengaturan Batas Usia Perkawinan Perspektif Keluarga Sakinah Muhammadiyah.” Justisi 7, no. 1 (2021): 1–13. https://doi.org/10.33506/js.v7i1.1170.
Muhammad, Abdulkadir. “Hukum Perdata Indonesia,” 121–22. Bandung: Citra Aditya Bakti, 2010.
Nurkholis. “PENETAPAN USIA DEWASA CAKAP HUKUM BERDASARKAN UNDANG- UNDANG DAN HUKUM ISLAM.” Jurnal Pemikiran Hukum Dan Hukum Islam Vol. 8 (2017): h. 77.
Prakoso, Abiontoro. Penemuan Hukum (Sistem, Metode, Aliran Dan Prosedur Dalam Menemukan Hukum). Yogyakarta: LaksBang PRESSindo, 2016.
Pratama, Juwita Putri, Tyesta A.L.W. Lita, and Sekar Anggun Gading Pinilih. “The Existence of the Position of Ministerial Regulations Against Regional Regulations in the Hierarchy of Legislative Regulations.” Jurnal Konstitusi 19, no. 4 (2022): 865–85. https://doi.org/10.31078/jk1947.
Rasyid, Faisal. “Ketentuan Batas Usia Wali Nasab Dalam Pernikahan (Analisis Pasal 18 PMA Nomor 11 Tahun 2007 Dan Fiqh Al-Syāfi’iyah).” Jurnal Al-Fikrah 1 (2022): 45–58. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.54621/jiaf.v11i1.307.
Setiawan, Ahmad Nafis. “Implikasi Kriteria Baligh Bagi Wali Nikah Menurut Pma Nomor 20 Tahun 2019 Terhadap Pelaksanaan Pernikahan Di Kecamatan Wiradesa (Studi Di Desa Kauman Kecamatan Wiradesa). Undergraduate Thesis Thesis, .” UIN K.H. Abdurrahman Wahid Pekalongan, 2024. http://etheses.uingusdur.ac.id/id/eprint/11640.
Silitonga, Garry Fischer. “Asas Lex Superior Dorogate Legi Inferiori Dan Kedudukan Surat Edaran Dalam Perundang-Undangan.” Website Kementerian keuangan republik indonesia, 2022. https://www.djkn.kemenkeu.go.id/kpknl-kisaran/baca-artikel/15099/Asas-lex-superior-derogate-legi-inferiori-dan-Kedudukan-Surat-Edaran-dalam-Perundang-undangan.
Syaiful, Abas Mansur Tamam, and Akhmad Alim. “Konsep Usia Baligh Dan Perkembangan Religiusitas Perspektif Ibnu Qayyim Al-Jauziyyah.” Tawazun: Jurnal Pendidikan Islam 17, no. 2 (2024): 433–54. https://doi.org/10.32832/tawazun.v17i2.
Tambunan, Arifin. S. “Menelusuri Eksistensi Ketetapan MPRS NO. XX/MPRS/1966.” UNISIA XXX, no. 65 (2007): 238–50. https://journal.uii.ac.id/Unisia/article/download/2664/2443/2921.
Tim Peneliti International NGO Forum on Indonesian Development (INFID). “Laporan Studi Kuantitatif Barometer Kesetaraan Gender.” International NGO Forum on Indonesian Development (INFID), 2020. https://ijrs.or.id/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/Laporan-Studi-Kuantitatif-INFID-IJRS.pdf.
Usman, Rachmadi, Fakultas Hukum, and Universitas Lambung. “Makna Pencatatan Perkawinan Dalam Peraturan Perundang-Undangan.” Legislasi Indonesia Vol 14, No (2017): 255–74.
Wardah, Ani. “Pemahaman Diri Siswa Smp Tentang Masa Pubertas (Baligh) Sebagai Fondasi Layanan Bimbingan Dan Konseling.” Jurnal Bimbingan Dan Konseling Ar-Rahman 4, no. 2 (2018): 88. https://doi.org/10.31602/jbkr.v4i2.1661.
Witanto, Darmoko Yuti. “Hukum keluarga: hak dan kedudukan anak luar kawin: pasca keluarnya putusan MK tentang uji materiil UU perkawinan.” (No Title) (2012). “No Title,” n.d.
Published
2025-11-26
How to Cite
Paputungan, S., & Su’adah, F. (2025, November 26). LEGAL CAPACITY AND AGE STANDARDS FOR NASAB GUARDIANS IN INDONESIAN MARRIAGE LAW. Al Hakam: The Indonesian Journal of Islamic Family Law and Gender Issues, 5(2), 129-143. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.35896/alhakam.v5i2.1070
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