THE PHENOMENON OF EARLY MARRIAGE IN INDONESIA FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF HUMAN RIGHTS AND MAQASID SYARIAH
FENOMENA PERNIKAHAN DINI DALAM PERSPEKTIF HAM DAN MAQASHID SYARIAH DI INDONESIA
Abstract
The phenomenon of early marriage in Indonesia remains a social and legal issue, despite the government having established a minimum age limit for marriage through Law No. 16 of 2019. The persistently high practice of marriage dispensations indicates legal loopholes that allow underage marriages to occur. This study aims to analyze marriage dispensations from the perspectives of Human Rights and Maqashid Syariah (Islamic legal objectives) in Indonesia. The research method employed is qualitative research with a normative-theoretical approach through a literature study of statutory regulations, scientific journals, and Islamic legal sources. The results indicate that early marriage has the potential to violate the rights of children and women, particularly the rights to education, health, protection, and personal development. From a human rights perspective, the restriction of the marriage age constitutes a form of state protection for children against exploitation and violence. Meanwhile, from the perspective of maqashid syariah, restricting marriage dispensations aligns with the objectives of Islamic law, particularly in preserving life (hifz al-nafs), intellect (hifz al-aql), and offspring (hifz al-nasl). Therefore, the restriction of marriage dispensations can be viewed as a form of legal reasoning (ijtihad) aimed at realizing public welfare (maslahah) and high-quality family resilience. This study emphasizes the importance of stricter supervision regarding the granting of marriage dispensations to ensure the optimal protection of children's rights.
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