A Comparative Study of Language Development Among Children Aged 4–5 Years in Two Early Childhood Education Institutions: Al-Barokah Kindergarten, Kedungkarang Village, and Cendekia Kindergarten, Bapangan, Jepara
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.35896/r740xf25Keywords:
Child language development, Early childhood, Socio-cultural environment, Language stimulation, Comparative studyAbstract
One of the key components of the Early Childhood Development Achievement Standards is language development, which includes receptive language, expressive language, and early literacy skills. These abilities serve as the foundation for children's cognitive, social, and emotional development. Children's language acquisition is strongly influenced by social and cultural environments, as daily interactions constitute the primary source of linguistic stimulation. This study aimed to compare the language development of children aged 4–5 years in two early childhood education institutions with different environmental characteristics, namely an environment with diverse access to communication and learning resources and a relatively homogeneous environment. This research employed a quantitative comparative design using a purposive sampling technique. Specific criteria were applied in selecting participants to ensure that both groups possessed comparable characteristics. Data were collected through structured observations using a language development instrument based on the Early Childhood Development Achievement Standards. Descriptive statistics were used to provide an overview of children's language development, while an independent samples t-test was conducted to examine the significance of differences between the two groups. The findings revealed differences in the level of language development between children from the two educational settings. Children at TK Al-Barokah, Kedungkarang Village, demonstrated a higher average level of language development than children at TK Cendekia, Bapangan, Jepara. These differences were reflected in children's abilities to comprehend language, express opinions, and communicate actively during daily learning activities. The differences may be attributed to variations in language stimulation, the intensity of social interactions, and access to learning media and educational resources. Environments with more complex communication opportunities tend to provide richer language stimulation, whereas more homogeneous environments tend to produce language patterns that are more limited yet contextually grounded. The study concludes that environmental factors play a significant role in shaping early childhood language development and highlights the importance of designing contextual and adaptive learning strategies to support children's language growth.
References
Apriyani. (2025). Teori pemerolehan bahasa anak dalam perspektif nativisme Noam Chomsky. Jurnal Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini, 7(1), 45–53. https://scholar.google.com
Devina, S., Putri, A., & Rahmawati, L. (2025). Peran interaksi keluarga dalam perkembangan bahasa anak usia dini. Jurnal Pendidikan Anak, 9(1), 67–75. https://scholar.google.com
Dilla, R., & Jayadinata, A. (2025). Faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi perkembangan bahasa anak usia dini. Jurnal PAUD Nusantara, 6(2), 112–120. https://scholar.google.com
Etnawati. (2022). Implementasi teori Vygotsky dalam perkembangan bahasa anak usia dini. Jurnal Pendidikan Usia Dini, 16(2), 210–220. https://doi.org/10.21009/JPUD.162.02
Fajarrini, D., & Diana, R. (2025). Pengaruh lingkungan terhadap perkembangan bahasa anak usia dini. Jurnal Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan, 10(1), 1–10. https://scholar.google.com
Farida, N., & Rudiarto, I. (2023). Karakteristik wilayah perkotaan dan implikasinya terhadap perkembangan sosial masyarakat. Jurnal Perencanaan Wilayah, 18(1), 45–55. https://scholar.google.com
Fitriana, L. (2023). Faktor biologis dan kognitif dalam perkembangan bahasa anak usia dini. Jurnal Psikologi Perkembangan, 12(2), 89–98. https://scholar.google.com
Friantary, H. (2020). Perkembangan anak usia dini pada masa golden age. Jurnal Pendidikan Anak, 4(2), 125–132.https://scholar.google.com
Hasim. (2018). Hakikat bahasa sebagai alat komunikasi manusia. Jurnal Linguistik Indonesia, 36(1), 1–10. https://scholar.google.com
Hia, M., Siregar, D., & Lestari, P. (2025). Teori behaviorisme dalam perkembangan bahasa anak usia dini. Jurnal Pendidikan Dasar, 8(1), 55–63. https://scholar.google.com
Husna, N., & Eliza, D. (2021). Lingkungan sosial dan pengaruhnya terhadap kemampuan bahasa anak usia dini. Jurnal Obsesi: Jurnal Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini, 5(1), 34–42. https://doi.org/10.31004/obsesi.v5i1.665
Khasanah, U., & Suparman. (2022). Peran bahasa dalam perkembangan sosial emosional anak usia dini. Jurnal Pendidikan Anak, 8(2), 180–188. https://scholar.google.com
Laya, A., & Salim, M. (2023). Kearifan lokal masyarakat pesisir dalam kehidupan sosial budaya. Jurnal Sosiologi Indonesia, 29(1), 45–50. https://scholar.google.com
Mailani, R., Sari, D., & Putra, A. (2022). Bahasa sebagai sarana komunikasi dalam kehidupan manusia. Jurnal Bahasa dan Sastra, 10(1), 1–10. https://scholar.google.com
Masrura, S., Anwar, K., & Putri, N. (2024). Teori ekologi Bronfenbrenner dalam perkembangan anak usia dini. Jurnal Pendidikan Anak, 9(2), 101–110.
Permendikbud Republik Indonesia. (2014). Peraturan Menteri Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan Republik Indonesia Nomor 137 Tahun 2014 tentang Standar Nasional PAUD.
Permendikbudristek Republik Indonesia. (2022). Peraturan Menteri Pendidikan, Kebudayaan, Riset, dan Teknologi Nomor 5 Tahun 2022.
Rahmaniar, S., Fauzi, M., & Ningsih, R. (2025). Pengaruh penggunaan bahasa dalam keluarga terhadap kosakata anak usia dini. Jurnal Pendidikan Bahasa, 11(1), 77–85.
Simanjuntak, M., & Mudiono, A. (2019). Pengantar linguistik umum. Malang: UM Press.
Sugiyono. (2022). Metode penelitian kuantitatif, kualitatif, dan R&D. Bandung: Alfabeta.
Utamingtyas, R., & Zulkarnaen, A. (2023). Pengaruh metode bercerita terhadap perkembangan bahasa anak usia dini. Jurnal Obsesi: Jurnal Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini, 7(6), 7930–7938.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Al Hikmah Indonesian Journal of Early Childhood Islamic Education
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
